Ever wondered what makes your favorite home appliances so durable? or why your go-to sneakers feel so comfortable?
The answer often lies in the chemicals that make these everyday items. While they may be invisible to the eye, their impact is anything but subtle.
Welcome to this eye-opening article by Matta, where we unravel the fascinating world of chemicals in consumer goods. From the safety of your home to your sporting supplies to the food on your table, we’re diving deep to give you the inside scoop on what goes into the products you use daily. As we explore this intriguing subject, prepare to become a more informed consumer!
Overview of Consumer Goods
The consumer goods sector in Nigeria is a significant part of the economy, influenced by population growth, urbanization, and changing lifestyle trends.
This sector in Nigeria has seen significant growth over the past few years, driven by a growing population and an increasing middle class. However, the market faces inflation, import restrictions, manufacturing capabilities, availability of raw materials and fluctuating exchange rates.
They are products purchased for direct individual use, ranging from food and personal care products, to home appliances and recreational gears. These covers durable and non-durable goods integral to daily living in Nigeria.
Types of Consumer Goods
Consumer goods are broadly categorized into fast-moving consumer goods, Consumer durables, Luxury goods, and Specialty goods.
However, they can also be categorized based on their overall use. These include;
- Home Appliances
Home appliances are the workhorses of modern households, designed to make life easier, more convenient, and sometimes even more luxurious. This category encompasses a wide range of products, each serving a specific purpose, from kitchen appliances to laundry to HVAC and other smaller appliances.
Some common chemicals used for this purpose include polymers, lubricants, refrigerants, flame retardants, etc.
- Footwear and Body Contacts
Footwear and body contacts are consumer goods for style, comfort, health, and safety. This category includes a variety of products that come in direct contact with the body, including;
- Footwear: This subcategory includes everything from casual shoes and sandals to specialized footwear like athletic shoes and work boots. These often use rubber accelerators for vulcanization and adhesives for bonding different materials.
- Contact Lenses: These medical devices correct vision but also come in cosmetic variants. They require specialized polymers for their structure and disinfectants to maintain hygiene.
- Orthopedic Supports: Items like knee braces and wrist supports fall under this subcategory. They often use flexible materials that may require chemical treatments for added durability.
- Personal Care Items: This includes toothbrushes and razors, which may use antimicrobial treatments to ensure hygiene.
Some common chemicals in this category include rubber accelerators, Adhesives, disinfectants, etc.
- Sports and Recreation
The world of sports and recreation is vast and diverse, encompassing everything from team sports and individual athletic pursuits to outdoor adventures and water activities. This category includes various equipment and gear designed to enhance performance, safety, and enjoyment;
- Team Sports Equipment: This includes footballs, basketballs, and baseball gloves, often using synthetic materials for durability and performance. Synthetic turf chemicals are also used in the construction of artificial sports fields.
- Outdoor Gear: Items like tents, sleeping bags, and hiking boots fall under this subcategory. They often use water-resistant treatments and durable materials that may include polyurethane coatings.
- Water Sports Gear: This includes wetsuits, surfboards, and life vests. Neoprene is a common material used for its buoyancy and thermal insulation properties.
- Fitness Equipment: This subcategory includes treadmills, weights, and yoga mats. They often use rubberized coatings and cushioning materials that may include polyurethane foams.
Some common chemicals include synthetic turf chemicals, Polyurethane, and Neoprene, to name a few.
- Other Consumer Goods
The “Others” category, mainly focusing on food and beverages, is a cornerstone of consumer goods that directly impacts public health and well-being. This category is incredibly diverse and includes various types of consumables:
- Processed Foods: This subcategory includes canned goods, frozen meals, and snacks. Preservatives are often used to extend shelf life, while flavor enhancers make these foods more palatable.
- Beverages: From sodas and juices to alcoholic drinks, this subcategory is vast. Flavor enhancers and colorants are commonly used to make beverages more appealing.
- Dairy Products: Items like yogurt, cheese, and milk often contain preservatives to prevent spoilage and extend shelf life.
- Confectionery: Chocolates, candies, and other sweets often use flavor enhancers and colorants to improve taste and appearance.
- Bakery Items: Breads, cakes, and pastries may use preservatives to extend their shelf life and flavor enhancers to improve taste.
Some common chemicals include Preservatives (like sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate), Flavor enhancers (e.g., Monosodium glutamate MSG), colorants, etc.
Popular Chemicals used in Consumer Goods in Nigeria
Acesulfame Potassium
Overview: Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) is a zero-calorie, tooth-friendly sweetener 200 times sweeter than sugar. It is a highly versatile, synergistic sweetener that helps customers achieve unique taste profiles.
Basic Info
- Chemical Formula: C4H4KNO4S
- Brand Names: Sunett, Sweet One
- Sweetness: About 200 times sweeter than table sugar
- Caloric Value: Zero calories
- Stability: Heat stable, suitable for baking
Sourcing and Procurement
- Regulatory Approval: FDA approved for use in specific food and beverage categories in 1988. In 2003, it was approved as a general-purpose sweetener and flavor enhancer in food, except in meat and poultry.
- Manufacturers: Various chemical companies produce Ace-K, and it’s commonly available through chemical marketplaces and suppliers.
Common Uses
- Food and Beverages: Used in a wide range of food products like soft drinks, candies, baked goods, and even in pharmaceuticals like chewable and liquid medications.
- Combination with Other Sweeteners: Often combined with other sweeteners to produce a more sugar-like taste.
Handling and Storage
- Stability: It is heat-stable, making it suitable for baked goods.
- Storage: It should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and heat, to maintain its shelf life.
Import Logistics
- Regulatory Compliance: Importers must ensure that the Ace-K they are sourcing complies with FDA regulations and any other local regulations.
- Documentation: Proper documentation proving the safety and quality of the Ace-K should be maintained for regulatory compliance.
Market Trends
- Consumer Preferences: With the increasing trend towards low-calorie and sugar-free products, the demand for Ace-K is rising.
- Safety Reviews: The FDA has reviewed more than 90 studies designed to identify possible toxic effects, including studies on reproductive effects, carcinogenicity, and metabolism, and has deemed it safe for consumption.
Additional Notes
Safety: The FDA has established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) level for Ace-K, which is the amount considered safe to consume each day over the course of a person’s lifetime.
Calcium Carbonate
Overview: The main use of calcium carbonate is in the construction industry, either as a building material or limestone aggregate for road building, as an ingredient of cement, or as the starting material for preparing builders’ lime by burning in a kiln.
- Chemical Formula: CaCO3
- Appearance: White, odorless powder or colorless crystals
- Solubility: Poorly soluble in water
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions but reacts with acids to produce carbon dioxide
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Limestone, marble, and chalk are common natural sources.
- Synthetic Production: This can be produced synthetically by reacting a soluble calcium salt with carbonate ions.
- Manufacturers: Available from various chemical manufacturers and suppliers, often in different grades depending on the application.
Common Uses
- Food Industry: Used as a calcium supplement and firming agent for fruits and vegetables.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used in antacids and dietary calcium supplements.
- Industrial Uses: Extensively used in the paint industry, in the production of plastics, and in water treatment processes.
Handling and Storage
- Storage: Should be stored in a cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption.
- Handling: Use personal protective equipment like gloves and masks when handling large quantities.
Import Logistics
- Regulatory Compliance: Importers should ensure compliance with local and international standards, including food-grade specifications if applicable.
- Documentation: Certificates of Analysis, Material Safety Data Sheets, and other relevant documents should accompany the product for quality assurance and compliance.
Market Trends
- Green Manufacturing: There’s a growing trend towards sourcing calcium carbonate from recycled sources.
- Health and Wellness: As health consciousness rises, the demand for dietary supplements containing calcium carbonate is increasing.
Additional Notes
- Safety: Generally considered safe (GRAS) when used per good manufacturing practice.
Citric Acid (Monohydrate)
Chemical Overview: Citric acid monohydrate is an organic acid. Citric acid is an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative. It is also used as an acidulant to control pH and acts as an anticoagulant by chelating calcium in blood.
- Chemical Formula: C6H8O7
- Appearance: Small, clear crystals, similar to table salt
- Solubility: Soluble in water
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions
- Taste: Acidic
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Citrus fruits like lemons, limes, oranges, and grapefruits are rich in naturally occurring citric acid.
- Synthetic Production: Manufactured citric acid (MCA) is produced using the fungus Aspergillus niger, also known as black mold.
- Manufacturers: Available from various chemical manufacturers and suppliers, often in food-grade and industrial-grade forms.
Common Uses
- Food Industry: Used as a preservative and flavor enhancer in foods and beverages.
- Cosmetics: Incorporated into skincare products to brighten skin, minimize fine lines, and even skin tone.
- Cleaning Products: Effective at killing harmful bacteria and useful for stain removal.
Handling and Storage
- Storage: Should be stored in a cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers.
- Handling: Use personal protective equipment like gloves and masks when handling.
Import Logistics
- Regulatory Compliance: Importers should ensure compliance with local and international standards, including food-grade specifications if applicable.
- Documentation: Certificates of Analysis, Material Safety Data Sheets, and other relevant documents should accompany the product for quality assurance and compliance.
Market Trends
- Health and Wellness: Increasingly used in skincare products for its benefits in improving skin texture and tone.
- Environmental Impact: Considered to have minimal environmental impact, making it a preferred choice in various industries.
Additional Notes
- Safety Concerns: While generally safe, manufactured citric acid can contain remnants of black mold, which may trigger allergies in some people. Also, high concentrations applied to the skin may cause irritation.
Corn Starch
Overview: Corn starch is the starch derived from corn grain. Corn starch is a common food ingredient, often used to thicken sauces or soups and to make corn syrup and other sugars. Corn starch is versatile, easily modified, and finds many uses in the industry, such as adhesives, paper products, anti-sticking agents, textile manufacturing, and medical uses.
Basic Info About Corn Starch
Corn starch is a white, dense powder derived from the endosperm of corn kernels. It is primarily used as a thickening agent in foods like gravy, soups, and stews. It is also used in baked goods and to coat meat and vegetables. Corn starch is generally low in calories, providing about 30 calories per tablespoon, and contains no significant vitamins or minerals.
Sourcing and Procurement
Corn starch is commercially produced from corn kernels. It is widely available in grocery stores, usually in the baking section. When sourcing corn starch, you can also look for non-GMO labels if you prefer a non-genetically modified product.
Common Uses
- Food Industry: Used as a thickening agent in gravies, sauces, and soups.
- Baking: Used in cakes, cookies, and other baked goods for structure.
- Healthcare: Used in the management of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
Handling and Storage
Corn starch should be stored in a sealed container in a cool, dry place. According to the USDA, it should stay fresh for about 18 months when stored properly. It should not be frozen.
Import Logistics
Corn starch is usually imported in bulk and should comply with food safety regulations. It is essential to ensure that the product has not been contaminated during the shipping process.
Market Trends
Corn starch is seeing increased use as a gluten-free alternative in recipes. There is also some evidence suggesting that it may be helpful for those managing hypoglycemia, although the research is limited.
Dry maize hybrid
Overview: Dry maize hybrids are specialized varieties of maize (corn) that are bred for specific traits, such as drought tolerance, high yield, and disease resistance. These hybrids are developed through controlled cross-pollination of different maize varieties to achieve a combination of desirable characteristics. The “dry” aspect often refers to the hybrid’s suitability for regions with low rainfall or for specific industrial uses that require low moisture content.
Basic Info
- Type: Hybrid variety of maize
- Climate Adaptability: Specifically developed for drought-like conditions
- Yield: Higher yield compared to traditional maize varieties
- Taste: Slightly sweeter than traditional maize
Sourcing and Procurement
- Developers: Created by scientists from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), based in Mexico.
- Availability: Distributed initially as samples by Dryland Seed Limited, a local seed company, and now widely purchased.
Common Uses
- Agriculture: Mainly used for food production, especially in drought-prone areas.
- Staple Food: Forms a significant part of the diet in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly as maize flour porridge is known as ‘ugali’.
Handling and Storage
- Planting Seasons: Two main harvest seasons – October to December and February to April.
- Storage: Seeds should be stored in a cool, dry place until ready for planting.
Import Logistics
- Local Availability: Initially donated as samples and now widely available for purchase, reducing import needs.
- Regulatory Compliance: Must comply with agricultural and safety standards for seeds.
Market Trends
- Climate Resilience: Gaining popularity due to its ability to thrive in drought-like conditions.
- Disease Resistance: Resistant to diseases like northern corn leaf blight, gray leaf spot, maize streak virus, and maize lethal necrosis.
Additional Notes
- Farming Practices: Benefits from manure application and waits for seasonal rains for optimal growth.
- Economic Factors: Despite its advantages, the selling price set by the government for maize is not very favorable.
Ethanol
Overview: Ethanol is an alcohol with the chemical formula C2H6O. Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and pungent taste. It is a psychoactive recreational drug and the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks.
- Chemical Formula: C2H5OH
- Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
- Solubility: Soluble in water, alcohol, and most organic solvents
- Energy Content: Contains less energy per gallon than gasoline
- Octane Number: Higher than gasoline, providing premium blending properties
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Made from plant materials known as “biomass,” such as corn grain, sugar cane, or cellulosic feedstocks like wood chips or crop residues.
- Production: In the United States, 94% of ethanol is produced from the starch in corn grain.
Common Uses
- Vehicle Fuel: Used in flexible fuel vehicles and blended with gasoline (E10, E15, E85) to reduce air pollution.
- Industrial Uses: Employed as a solvent in the manufacture of varnishes and perfumes; a preservative for biological specimens; in the preparation of essences and flavorings; in many medicines and drugs; as a disinfectant and in tinctures (e.g., tincture of iodine); and as a fuel.
Handling and Storage
- Storage: Should be stored in a cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers.
- Handling: Ethanol is highly flammable, and safety measures should be observed when handling it.
Import Logistics
- Regulatory Compliance: Importers should ensure compliance with local and international standards, including specifications for use as vehicle fuel if applicable.
- Documentation: Certificates of Analysis, Material Safety Data Sheets, and other relevant documents should accompany the product for quality assurance and compliance.
Market Trends
- Green Energy: With the push for more sustainable and renewable energy sources, ethanol’s market share is expected to grow.
- Blending Requirements: Lower-octane gasoline is often blended with 10% ethanol to meet standard 87-octane requirements, increasing the demand for ethanol.
Additional Notes
- Energy Balance: Ethanol produced from corn demonstrates a positive energy balance, meaning that producing ethanol fuel does not require more energy than the energy contained in it.
Fat filled milk
Overview: Fat-filled milk powder is a dairy product made by blending vegetable fats with high-quality skimmed milk and then spray-drying it. It is an affordable alternative to full-cream milk powder, especially in developing countries. It is fortified with vitamins A and D, making it a nutritious option.
Sourcing and Procurement
The primary components are skimmed milk and vegetable fats, often palm oil. The vegetable oil blend used in fat-filled milk powder results in a lower-cost ingredient compared to full-cream milk powder. Palm oil used is generally sourced from sustainable producers through schemes like Green Palm™.
Common Uses
Fat-filled milk powder is commonly used in:
- Consumer milk powders
- Repack and industrial applications
- Artisanal yoghurt
Handling and Storage
The powder is hygroscopic and can absorb odors. It is recommended to store the product at below 25°C, with a relative humidity below 65%, and in an odor-free environment. Stocks should be used preferably within 24 months of manufacture.
Import Logistics
While specific import logistics can vary by country, fat-filled milk powder is generally less regulated than full-cream milk powder due to the absence of animal fats. However, it’s crucial to check local regulations for specific import requirements.
Market Trends
The market for fat-filled milk powder is growing at around 5% per annum globally, particularly in developing markets where consumers are unable to afford the premium price associated with full-cream milk powder.
Glycerine
Overview: Glycerine is a simple triol compound also known as glycerol. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid with a sweet taste used in care products, food, and as excipients in pharmaceutical products.
Chemical Properties:
- Formula: C3H8O3
- Boiling Point: 290 °C (554 °F)
- Melting Point: 17.8 °C (64.0 °F)
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Glycerine is a trihydric alcohol derived from animal fats, vegetable oils, or petrochemical sources. It’s a key ingredient in many products due to its versatility and unique properties, such as high boiling point, hygroscopic nature, and non-toxicity.
2. Sourcing and Procurement
- Animal Fats: Obtained as a by-product during the soap-making process.
- Vegetable Oils: Extracted from oils like palm and coconut.
- Synthetic: Produced from petrochemicals like propylene.
3. Common Uses
- Food Industry: Used as a sweetener and preservative. It also acts as a thickener in liqueurs.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used in cough syrups, elixirs, and expectorants.
- Cosmetics: Found in skincare products to help retain moisture.
- Industrial: Used to manufacture alkyd resins found in paints and varnishes.
4. Handling and Storage
- Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
- Use gloves and eye protection when handling in concentrated forms.
- It’s hygroscopic, so it should be kept in airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption.
5. Import Logistics
- Imported in bulk quantities, usually in large drums or ISO tanks.
- Import regulations may vary depending on the country, so it’s crucial to understand the import duties, taxes, and compliance requirements.
6. Market Trends
- Increasing demand in the food and beverage industry, particularly in low-fat and sugar-free products.
- Growing usage in pharmaceutical applications due to its solubilizing properties.
- The market is trending towards using bio-based glycerine as sustainability becomes a more significant concern.
GPC 8
Overview: A powerful glutaraldehyde-based disinfectant that offers protection from a wide range of disease-causing microorganisms. GPC8, a patented formula, is highly effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi and provides residual activity on clean surfaces for up to 8 weeks after use. It is non-staining and non-corrosive, so it is suitable for vehicle disinfection.
GPC 8, or Sepax GP-C8, is actually not a chemical compound but rather a type of chromatography column used for separating various organic compounds.
It doesn’t have a chemical formula like other chemicals. It’s made from high-purity silica and is bonded with octyl groups, which gives it its hydrophobic properties. These columns are used in industries like pharmaceuticals and chemical analysis to separate complex mixtures into individual components.
2. Sourcing and Procurement
The GPC 8 columns are manufactured by Sepax Technologies and are available in various sizes and specifications. They use a proprietary slurry technique to achieve a uniform and stable packing bed density.
3. Common Uses
- Pharmaceuticals: For the separation of drugs and peptides.
- Chemical Analysis: Used in separating organic acids and other organic compounds.
- Research: Useful in labs for compound separation and analysis.
4. Handling and Storage
The columns operate under high pressure and should be handled carefully. They are normally capped at both ends when not in use. It’s recommended to flush the column with the starting mobile phase gradually to activate it.
5. Import Logistics
These columns are specialized equipment and may require specific import permissions depending on the country. Always check local regulations for specific import requirements.
6. Market Trends
The demand for such specialized columns is generally stable, driven by the needs of pharmaceutical and research labs. However, the market trends can vary based on technological advancements and regulatory changes.
Iodine
Overview: Elemental iodine is used for the manufacturing of inorganic and organic derivatives; as a disinfectant and anti-bacterial agent in solutions, tinctures, and salves; and in x-ray contrast media.
1. Basic Info About Iodine
- Chemical Symbol: I
- Atomic Number: 53
- Atomic Mass: 126.9045 g/mol
- Electronegativity: 2.5
- Density: 4.93 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Melting Point: 114°C
- Boiling Point: 184°C
- Ionic Radius: 0.216 nm (-1); 0.05 nm (+7)
- Isotopes: 15
- State: Solid, non-metallic, dark gray/purple-black, lustrous
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, dissolves in some solvents like carbon tetrachloride
2. Sourcing and Procurement
Iodine is naturally present in the ocean; some seafish and water plants store it in their tissues. It can also be found in air, water, and soil. The most important sources are the oceans, and it is extracted from natural brines and oil brines.
3. Common Uses
- Medical Treatment: Used in tinctures and iodoform for wound cleaning.
- Pharmaceuticals: Employed in the preparation of certain drugs.
- Manufacturing: Used in the production of printing inks and dyes.
- Photography: Silver iodine is used in photography.
- Water Purification: Used in water purification tablets.
4. Handling and Storage
Iodine is toxic in its elemental form, and its vapor can irritate the eyes and lungs. The maximum allowable concentration in air is 1 mg/m³. It should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
5. Import Logistics
Iodine is generally imported in bulk and may require specific import permissions depending on the country. Always check local regulations for specific import requirements.
6. Market Trends
The global iodine market is mainly driven by its use in pharmaceuticals, industrial applications, and water treatment. The market is also influenced by the availability of natural sources and the regulatory landscape.
Isopropyl Alcohol
Overview: Isopropyl alcohol, or isopropanol or IPA, is a colorless, volatile liquid with a strong odor. It’s a versatile substance used in various applications, from cleaning and disinfecting to being a solvent in labs. It can also be found in pharmaceuticals.
Chemical Name: Isopropyl Alcohol (also known as Isopropanol or IPA)
- Chemical Formula: C3H8O
- IUPAC Name: Propan-2-ol
- CAS Number: 67-63-0
- Molecular Weight: 60.10 g/mol
- Density: Approximately 0.785 g/cm³
- Melting Point: -89°C
- Boiling Point: 82.6°C
- Flash Point: 11.7°C (53°F)
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform
- pH: Generally around 7 (neutral) when in a 100% concentration
- Vapor Pressure: 4.4 kPa at 20°C
Uses
- Disinfectant: Widely used for sanitizing surfaces and medical equipment.
- Solvent: Used in labs and industrial settings to dissolve other substances.
- Personal Care: Found in some skincare and cosmetic products.
- Fuel Additive: Sometimes used as a fuel additive to prevent water contamination.
Health and Safety
- Flammable: Highly flammable and should be kept away from open flames.
- Ingestion: Can be toxic if ingested and should be kept out of reach of children.
- Skin Contact: Prolonged exposure can cause skin irritation.
Environmental Impact
- Biodegradable: Generally considered to be biodegradable.
- VOC Emissions: Can contribute to air pollution if not properly managed.
Regulatory Status
- FDA: Approved for use in food contact surfaces.
- EPA: Registered as a pesticide for some applications.
Monosodium Glutamate (YSHC Doris)
Overview: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used flavor enhancer derived from L-glutamic acid, a naturally occurring amino acid in various food products.
- Chemical Name: Monosodium Glutamate
- Chemical Formula: C5H8NO4Na
- IUPAC Name: Sodium 2-aminopentanedioate
- CAS Number: 142-47-2
Basic Info About MSG
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 187.13 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 1.62 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 232°C
- Boiling Point: Decomposes
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid (crystalline powder)
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Tomatoes, cheese, and other foods naturally contain glutamate.
- Synthetic Production: Fermentation of starches and sugar beets.
- Major Producers: China, Indonesia, and Japan.
Common Uses
- Food Industry: Used as a flavor enhancer in various cuisines.
- Pharmaceuticals: Sometimes used in medications and dietary supplements.
- Research: Used in neurological studies to understand glutamate receptors.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and eye protection; avoid inhalation.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from moisture and incompatible substances like strong acids.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to food safety standards; often requires certification.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in dry, sealed containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Health Concerns: Public debate over its safety has led to “MSG-free” food products.
- Growing Demand: Despite controversies, demand is growing, especially in the food industry.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA, but some people report sensitivities.
- Alternatives: Other flavor enhancers like Disodium Inosinate are sometimes used as substitutes.
Oxygen
Oxygen, symbolized as O, is a chemical element with an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of approximately 15.999 u. It is one of the most abundant and essential elements on Earth, making up about 21% of the Earth’s atmosphere. Oxygen is a diatomic molecule (O2) in its most stable form and is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. It plays a critical role in various biological and industrial processes. From being vital for respiration in most life forms to serving as a key component in combustion and various industrial applications, oxygen’s importance is unparalleled.
- Chemical Name: Oxygen
- Chemical Formula: O2 (Diatomic Oxygen)
- IUPAC Name: Dioxygen
- CAS Number: 7782-44-7
Basic Info About Oxygen
- Chemical Symbol: O
- Atomic Number: 8
- Atomic Mass: 15.999 u
- Electronegativity: 3.44 (Pauling scale)
- Density: 0.001429 g/cm³ (at 0°C and 1 atm)
- Melting Point: -218.79°C
- Boiling Point: -183°C
- Ionic Radius: 60 pm
- Isotopes: 16O, 17O, 18O
- State: Gas at room temperature
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Constitutes about 21% of Earth’s atmosphere.
- Synthetic Production: Produced industrially through fractional distillation of liquefied air.
- Major producers are the USA, China, and Europe.
Common Uses
- Respiration: Essential for the respiration of most life forms.
- Combustion: Fuels burn in oxygen to produce energy.
- Medical: Used in medical treatments for respiratory issues.
- Industrial: Used in steel production, welding, and water treatment.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe but supports combustion; handle away from flammable materials.
- Storage: Stored as compressed gas or liquid oxygen in appropriate cylinders.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to safety and quality standards.
- Shipping: Shipped as compressed or liquefied gas in specialized containers.
- Customs: Generally not subject to import duties but may require special permits.
Market Trends
- Healthcare Demand: There is growing demand in healthcare, especially for respiratory treatments.
- Green Technologies: Used in emerging technologies like oxygen-based fuel cells.
Additional Information
- Safety: Non-toxic but supports combustion; handle with care.
- Environmental Impact: Essential for life but can contribute to oxidation and corrosion.
Peppermint oil
Overview: Peppermint oil comes from the peppermint plant, which is a hybrid of spearmint and water mint. People have used peppermint oil for centuries to treat various illnesses, including digestive conditions, colds, and headaches.
- Chemical Name: Peppermint Oil
- Chemical Formula: Complex mixture, primarily contains menthol
- IUPAC Name: N/A (It’s a natural extract)
- CAS Number: 8006-90-4
Basic Info About Peppermint Oil
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 0.896–0.908 g/cm³
- Melting Point: -22°C (Menthol)
- Boiling Point: 212°C (Menthol)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Liquid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and oils
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Extracted from the leaves of the peppermint plant (Mentha × piperita).
- Synthetic Production: N/A
- Major Producers: India, China, and the United States.
Common Uses
- Aromatherapy: Used for its calming and invigorating scent.
- Cosmetics: Found in toothpaste, shampoos, and skincare products.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used in balms and muscle relaxants.
- Food & Beverage: Used as a flavoring agent.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and avoid contact with eyes; it can be irritating in concentrated forms.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dark place in tightly sealed containers to preserve its potency.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food and pharmaceutical use.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in sealed, dark glass bottles to preserve quality.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Natural Products: Growing demand for natural and organic products is boosting its market.
- Health & Wellness: Increasing use of health and wellness products, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe, it can cause skin irritation in some people.
- Sustainability: Concerns about sustainable sourcing and the environmental impact of peppermint cultivation.
Petroleum Jelly
Overview: Also known as petrolatum or soft paraffin, petroleum jelly is found in a wide range of moisturizers, conditioners, lip balms, baby care, and beauty products. In addition to being the main product in Vaseline, it’s also found in products like Aquaphor, Bag Balm, and Neosporin, among others.
- Chemical Name: Petroleum Jelly
- Chemical Formula: The mixture, primarily consists of hydrocarbons
- IUPAC Name: N/A (It’s a mixture)
- CAS Number: 8009-03-8
Basic Info About Petroleum Jelly
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: Approximately 0.82–0.86 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 37–54°C
- Boiling Point: N/A (Does not boil under normal conditions)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Semi-solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in oils and waxes
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Derived from petroleum.
- Synthetic Production: N/A
- Major Producers: United States, Russia, and Middle Eastern countries.
Common Uses
- Skincare: Used as a moisturizer and to treat dry skin conditions.
- Medical: Used in wound care and as a base for ointments.
- Industrial: Used as a lubricant in machinery.
- Cosmetics: Used in various cosmetic products like lip balms and lotions.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe for external use; avoid ingestion or inhalation.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in bulk containers or drums.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Natural Alternatives: Growing demand for natural skincare alternatives may affect its market.
- Pharmaceutical Use: There is steady demand in the medical field for wound care and as an ointment base.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for external use but should not be ingested.
- Environmental Impact: Being a petroleum derivative, it has environmental implications related to fossil fuel extraction
PP Injection molding (Hnr100)
Overview: Polymers PP HNR100 is a general-purpose injection molding grade suitable for use in products where rigidity and shorter cycle times are required. Typical applications are Domestic containers, Caps and closures, Cosmetic and toiletry components, Multi-cavity moldings, Household articles, and Outdoor furniture.
- Chemical Name: Polypropylene
- Chemical Formula: (C3H6)n
- IUPAC Name: Poly(1-methylethene)
- CAS Number: 9003-07-0
Basic Info About PP Injection Molding
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a polymer, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 0.90–0.91 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 130–171°C
- Boiling Point: N/A (Does not boil under normal conditions)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in certain organic solvents
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: N/A (Synthetic polymer)
- Synthetic Production: Produced through polymerization of propylene monomer.
- Major Producers: United States, China, and Europe.
Common Uses
- Automotive: Used in car interiors, bumpers, and various parts.
- Packaging: Commonly used in containers, caps, and closures.
- Consumer Goods: Used in appliances, toys, and furniture.
- Medical: Used in syringes, containers, and other medical components.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe but can generate fumes when melted; proper ventilation is essential.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food and medical applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in pellet form in bulk containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Sustainability: Growing demand for recyclable and sustainable materials may affect its market.
- Automation: Advances in automation are making PP injection molding more efficient and cost-effective.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe but should not be used for high-temperature applications due to low melting point.
- Environmental Impact: Being a synthetic polymer, it has environmental implications related to plastic waste.
PVC resin
Overview: Polyvinyl chloride resin, or PVC resin, is a thermoplastic resin that can be softened upon reheating. A common term for this commodity polymer is Vinyl. PVC granules are highly resistant to oxidization and degradation caused by atmospheric reactions.
- Chemical Name: Polyvinyl Chloride
- Chemical Formula: (C2H3Cl)n
- IUPAC Name: Poly(1-chloroethylene)
- CAS Number: 9002-86-2
Basic Info About PVC Resin
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a polymer, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 1.35–1.45 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 100–260°C
- Boiling Point: N/A (Does not boil under normal conditions)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in tetrahydrofuran
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: N/A (Synthetic polymer)
- Synthetic Production: Produced through the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer.
- Major Producers: United States, China, and Europe.
Common Uses
- Construction: Used in pipes, fittings, and flooring.
- Packaging: Used in bottles, non-food packaging, and blister packs.
- Electrical: Used in cables, electrical boxes, and fittings.
- Automotive: Used in car interiors and underbody coatings.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and masks; avoid inhalation and direct skin contact.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for construction and medical applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in powder or pellet form in bulk containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Sustainability: Growing concerns about the environmental impact may affect its market.
- Specialty PVC: Increasing demand for high-performance, specialized PVC for medical and automotive applications.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe for many applications but has been scrutinized for potential health risks.
- Environmental Impact: A chlorine-containing polymer, it has environmental implications related to dioxin emissions and plastic waste.
Sea Salt
Overview: Sodium chloride is used in the chemical and energy industries to make dyes and as road salt for winter road maintenance.
- Chemical Name: Sea Salt
- Chemical Formula: Primarily NaCl, with trace minerals
- IUPAC Name: Sodium Chloride (for the main component)
- CAS Number: 7647-14-5 (for Sodium Chloride)
Basic Info About Sea Salt
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 2.16 g/cm³ (for Sodium Chloride)
- Melting Point: 801°C (for Sodium Chloride)
- Boiling Point: 1,413°C (for Sodium Chloride)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Obtained from evaporating seawater.
- Synthetic Production: N/A
- Major Producers: United States, China, and India.
Common Uses
- Culinary: Used as a seasoning in cooking.
- Cosmetics: Used in scrubs and bath products.
- Industrial: Used in water conditioning processes, de-icing, and manufacturing of other chemicals.
- Healthcare: Used in some traditional remedies and therapies.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe for consumption and external use; avoid eye contact.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture to prevent clumping.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to food safety and quality standards.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in bulk bags or individual packaging.
- Customs: Generally not subject to import duties but may require food-grade certification.
Market Trends
- Health Trends: Increasing demand for natural and unrefined products.
- Gourmet Salts: There is a growing market for specialty sea salts with unique flavors and minerals.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for consumption, but excessive intake can lead to health issues.
- Environmental Impact: Sustainable sourcing and production methods are becoming increasingly important.
Shift
Overview: A powerful, heavy-duty, bactericidal detergent cleaner that can be used through high or low-pressure washers, using either hot or cold water. Shift rapidly penetrates and removes organic soiling and is suitable for cleaning livestock housing, vehicles, and equipment. It is ideal for use under hard water, mixes readily with water, and is free-rinsing.
- Chemical Name: Shift (Formulated Product)
- Chemical Formula: Mixture of Sodium Hydroxide, Amphoteric & Nonionic Surfactants
- IUPAC Name: N/A (It’s a formulated product)
- CAS Number: N/A (It’s a mixture)
Basic Info About Shift
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: Varies depending on formulation
- Melting Point: N/A
- Boiling Point: N/A
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Varies (Liquid, Gel, or Powder)
- Solubility: Varies depending on formulation
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: N/A (Synthetic formulation)
- Synthetic Production: Produced by mixing Sodium Hydroxide and specific surfactants.
- Major Producers: Likely specialized chemical companies.
Common Uses
- Cleaning: Potentially used as an industrial cleaner or degreaser.
- Cosmetics: Could be used in specific cosmetic formulations.
- Industrial: It may have specialized industrial applications.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and eye protection; avoid inhalation and skin contact.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from incompatible substances like acids.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially if used in food or medical applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in appropriate containers depending on its form (liquid, gel, or powder).
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Specialized Use: Likely to have niche applications, affecting its market demand.
- Regulatory Changes: Subject to regulations due to Sodium Hydroxide and surfactants.
Additional Information
- Safety: Requires careful handling due to the caustic nature of Sodium Hydroxide.
- Environmental Impact: Disposal and runoff should be managed to minimize environmental impact.
Soda Ash light
Overview: Soda Ash Light is a low-density version of sodium carbonate. It has a broad industry application in producing detergents, soaps, and other sodium compounds.
- Chemical Name: Sodium Carbonate
- Chemical Formula: Na2CO3
- IUPAC Name: Disodium Carbonate
- CAS Number: 497-19-8
Basic Info About Soda Ash Light
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 105.9885 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 2.54 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 851°C
- Boiling Point: Decomposes
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Trona ore, Nahcolite
- Synthetic Production: Ammonia-soda process (Solvay process)
- Major Producers: United States, China, and Russia.
Common Uses
- Glass Manufacturing: Used in the production of glass.
- Detergents: Used in laundry and cleaning products.
- Water Treatment: Used to soften water.
- Food Industry: Used as a food additive and leavening agent.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and eye protection; avoid inhalation and skin contact.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and acids.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food-grade soda ash.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in bulk bags or individual packaging.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Sustainability: Growing demand for eco-friendly products may affect its market.
- Industrial Growth: Demand correlates with growth in industries like glass and detergents.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe for many applications but can be corrosive in high concentrations.
- Environmental Impact: Sustainable sourcing and production methods are increasingly important.
Sodium hydrosulfite
Overview: Sodium hydrosulfite, also known as Sodium dithionite, is a reducing agent in some industrial dyeing processes. It can also be used for water treatment, aquarium water conditioners, gas purification, cleaning, and stripping.
- Chemical Name: Sodium Hydrosulfite (also known as Sodium Dithionite)
- Chemical Formula: Na2S2O4
- IUPAC Name: Sodium Dithionite
- CAS Number: 7775-14-6
Basic Info About Sodium Hydrosulfite
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 174.11 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 1.48 g/cm³
- Melting Point: Decomposes above 52°C
- Boiling Point: N/A (Decomposes)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: N/A (Synthetic compound)
- Synthetic Production: Produced by reducing sulfur dioxide with sodium bisulfite.
- Major Producers: China, India, and Europe.
Common Uses
- Textile Industry: Used for bleaching fabrics.
- Pulp & Paper: Used in the bleaching of wood pulp.
- Water Treatment: Used as a reducing agent in water treatment processes.
- Photography: Used in photographic development.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and eye protection; avoid inhalation and skin contact.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and oxidizing agents.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially if used in food or water treatment.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in powder form in sealed containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Environmental Concerns: Growing scrutiny over its environmental impact may affect its market.
- Industrial Demand: Steady demand in textile and paper industries.
Additional Information
- Safety: Can be hazardous in high concentrations; handle with care.
- Environmental Impact: Proper disposal is crucial due to its reducing properties.
Sodium sulphate Anhydrous
Overview: Sodium sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula Na2SO4 and several related hydrates. All forms are white solids that are highly soluble in water. The largest use is as filler in powdered home laundry detergents.
Overview of Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous
- Chemical Name: Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous
- Chemical Formula: Na2SO4
- IUPAC Name: Disodium Sulfate
- CAS Number: 7757-82-6
Basic Info About Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 142.04 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 2.66 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 884°C
- Boiling Point: Decomposes
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Found in natural mineral deposits like thenardite and mirabilite.
- Synthetic Production: Produced as a byproduct in various chemical processes, such as the production of hydrochloric acid.
- Major Producers: China, the United States, and Europe.
Common Uses
- Detergents: Used as a filler in laundry detergents.
- Glass Manufacturing: Used in the production of glass.
- Textiles: Used in dyeing and printing processes.
- Pulp & Paper: Used in kraft pulping process.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe; use gloves and eye protection as a precaution.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and acids.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food and pharmaceutical applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in bulk bags or individual packaging.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Sustainability: Growing demand for eco-friendly products may affect its market.
- Industrial Demand: Steady demand in various industries like glass and detergents.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe for many applications, it can be an eye irritant in concentrated forms.
- Environmental Impact: Generally low, but sourcing and production methods are increasingly scrutinized.
Soya bean
Overview: The soybean, soybean, or soya bean is a species of legume natively widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk. Fermented soy foods include soy sauce, fermented bean paste etc.
- Scientific Name: Glycine max
- Family: Fabaceae
- Common Names: Soybean, Soya Bean
Basic Info About Soya Bean
- Chemical Composition: Primarily composed of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and phytonutrients.
- Density: Varies depending on moisture content
- Melting Point: N/A
- Boiling Point: N/A
- State: Solid (Seed form)
- Solubility: N/A
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Cultivated globally, primarily in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina.
- Synthetic Production: N/A
- Major Producers: United States, Brazil, Argentina, China, and India.
Common Uses
- Food Industry: Used to produce tofu, soy milk, and various meat and dairy alternatives.
- Oil Production: Source of soybean oil used in cooking and industrial applications.
- Animal Feed: Used as a protein-rich feed for livestock.
- Industrial Uses: Used to produce inks, crayons, and certain types of plastics.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe to handle; however, some people may have soy allergies.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture to prevent spoilage.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to agricultural and food safety standards.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in bulk containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Sustainability: Growing demand for plant-based proteins and sustainable farming practices.
- Health Trends: Increasing awareness of health benefits and risks, such as potential allergenicity.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) but allergenic for some individuals.
- Environmental Impact: Concerns about deforestation and use of genetically modified (GM) strains.
Stearic Acid
Overview: Stearic acid (octadecanoic acid) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain. It is a soft, waxy solid. Stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids. Stearic acid is used as a surfactant and softening agent in food and cosmetics.
- Chemical Name: Stearic Acid
- Chemical Formula: C18H36O2
- IUPAC Name: Octadecanoic Acid
- CAS Number: 57-11-4
Basic Info About Stearic Acid
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 284.48 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 0.9408 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 69.3°C
- Boiling Point: 361°C
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and oils
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Animal fats, vegetable oils, and some fish oils.
- Synthetic Production: Produced by hydrogenating vegetable oils or by hydrolyzing animal fats.
- Major Producers: United States, Europe, and Asia.
Common Uses
- Cosmetics: Used in lotions, soaps, and shampoos.
- Food Industry: Used as a food additive and emulsifier.
- Industrial: Used in producing candles, plastics, and softening rubber.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used in the production of tablets and ointments.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe to handle; use gloves as a precaution.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from oxidizing agents and heat.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food and pharmaceutical applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in solid or flake form in sealed containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Sustainability: Growing demand for plant-based and sustainably sourced stearic acid.
- Health Trends: Increasing scrutiny over its use in food and cosmetics.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for most applications but can be an irritant in concentrated forms.
- Environmental Impact: Sourcing and production methods are increasingly scrutinized for sustainability.
Talc
Overview: Talc is a soft, lamellar inert mineral, which occurs typically as magnesium silicate. The Talc grades exhibit good purity and chemical stability. These properties typically render the Talc B grades an ideal carrier and functional extender in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Further applications include high-performance paints and coatings, thermoplastic polymers, waxes, and slip agents.
- Chemical Name: Talc
- Chemical Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
- IUPAC Name: Magnesium Silicate Hydroxide
- CAS Number: 14807-96-6
Basic Info About Talc
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a mineral, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 379.26 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 2.58–2.83 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 1,500°C (decomposes)
- Boiling Point: N/A (decomposes)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in dilute mineral acids
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Mined from talc-bearing metamorphic rocks.
- Synthetic Production: N/A
- Major Producers: China, the United States, and India.
Common Uses
- Cosmetics: Used in powders, foundations, and makeup.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used as a lubricant in tablet manufacturing.
- Industrial: Used in ceramics, paint, and plastics.
- Food Industry: Used as an anti-caking agent.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe to handle; however, inhalation of talc dust should be avoided.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and heat.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for cosmetic and food-grade talc.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in powder form in sealed containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Health Concerns: Growing scrutiny over potential asbestos contamination and health risks.
- Sustainability: Increasing demand for ethically sourced and sustainable talc.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe for most applications, but concerns about asbestos contamination exist.
- Environmental Impact: Mining practices are increasingly scrutinized for environmental sustainability.
Trisodium Phosphate
Overview: Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na3PO4. It is a white, granular, or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. TSP is used as a cleaning agent, builder, lubricant, food additive, stain remover, and degreaser.
- Chemical Name: Tri-Sodium Phosphate
- Chemical Formula: Na3PO4
- IUPAC Name: Trisodium Phosphate
- CAS Number: 7601-54-9
Basic Info About Tri-Sodium Phosphate
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a compound, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: 163.94 g/mol
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: 1.62 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 1,583°C
- Boiling Point: N/A (Decomposes)
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Solid at room temperature
- Solubility: Soluble in water
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: N/A (Synthetic compound)
- Synthetic Production: Produced by neutralizing phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide.
- Major Producers: United States, China, and Europe.
Common Uses
- Cleaning: Used as a heavy-duty cleaner and degreaser.
- Food Industry: Used as a food additive and emulsifier.
- Water Treatment: Used for softening water and treating boiler water.
- Painting: Used as a stain remover and to prepare surfaces for painting.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use gloves and eye protection; avoid inhalation and skin contact.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from acids and oxidizing agents.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food-grade applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in powder or crystal form in sealed containers.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Environmental Concerns: Growing scrutiny over its environmental impact, especially in cleaning applications.
- Industrial Demand: Steady demand in various industries like water treatment and painting.
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally considered safe for many applications but can be corrosive and harmful if ingested in large amounts.
- Environmental Impact: Proper disposal is crucial due to its potential for water pollution.
Wielding consumables
Overview: Welding consumables are essential materials used in various welding processes to join or repair metals. These consumables come in different forms, including electrodes, filler metals, fluxes, and shielding gases. Each type serves a specific purpose, whether it’s providing the material to be melted to form a joint, stabilizing the electric arc, or protecting the weld from contaminants.
- Type: Consumable materials used in welding processes
- Common Forms: Electrodes, filler metals, fluxes, shielding gases
- Standards: AWS (American Welding Society), ISO, and other regional standards
Basic Info About Welding Consumables
- Chemical Composition: Depending on the type, it may include metals like steel, aluminum, and various alloys.
- Density: Varies depending on the material
- Melting Point: Varies depending on the material
- Boiling Point: N/A
- State: Solid or gaseous, depending on the type
- Solubility: N/A
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: N/A (Manufactured products)
- Synthetic Production: Produced through various metallurgical processes.
- Major Producers: United States, Europe, China, and India.
Common Uses
- Metal Joining: Used in various welding processes to join metals.
- Repair Work: Used in the maintenance and repair of machinery and structures.
- Construction: Widely used in building infrastructure.
- Automotive: Used in the manufacturing and repair of vehicles.
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Use appropriate safety gear, including gloves and eye protection.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and corrosive materials.
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for industrial applications.
- Shipping: Usually shipped in bulk or individual packaging, depending on the type.
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country.
Market Trends
- Technological Advancements: Growing demand for advanced consumables that offer better performance and longevity.
- Sustainability: Increasing focus on eco-friendly and sustainable products.
Additional Information
- Safety: Proper safety measures, including ventilation and protective gear, are crucial during use.
- Environmental Impact: Concerns about waste disposal and emissions during the welding process.
White Oil
Overview: This mineral oil is based on specially selected saturated paraffinic and cyclo-paraffinic hydrocarbons. Due to an intensive method of refining, this white oil is acid-free and nearly colorless and odorless. This white oil has a wide range of applications: as a lubricant for precision machining, sewing machines, in the plastic, rubber, chemical and other industry processes.
- Chemical Name: White Oil (also known as Mineral Oil)
- Chemical Formula: Mixture of alkanes
- IUPAC Name: N/A (It’s a mixture)
- CAS Number: Varies depending on the specific composition
Basic Info About White Oil
- Chemical Symbol: N/A (It’s a mixture, not an element)
- Atomic Number: N/A
- Atomic Mass: N/A
- Electronegativity: N/A
- Density: Approximately 0.8 g/cm³
- Melting Point: Varies depending on composition
- Boiling Point: Varies depending on composition
- Ionic Radius: N/A
- Isotopes: N/A
- State: Liquid at room temperature
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Sourcing and Procurement
- Natural Sources: Derived from petroleum
- Synthetic Production: Refined from crude oil
- Major Producers: United States, Europe, and Asia
Common Uses
- Cosmetics: Used in lotions, creams, and makeup removers
- Pharmaceuticals: Used as a base for ointments and creams
- Food Industry: Used as a food-grade lubricant and release agent
- Industrial: Used as a lubricant in machinery
Handling and Storage
- Handling: Generally safe to handle; use gloves as a precaution
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from oxidizing agents and heat
Import Logistics
- Import Regulations: Subject to quality and safety standards, especially for food and pharmaceutical applications
- Shipping: Usually shipped in liquid form in sealed containers
- Customs: May be subject to import duties or restrictions depending on the country
Market Trends
- Health and Safety: Growing scrutiny over its use in food and cosmetics
- Sustainability: Increasing demand for plant-based alternatives
Additional Information
- Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for most applications but can be an irritant in concentrated forms
- Environmental Impact: Sourcing and production methods are increasingly scrutinized for sustainability
In the ever-evolving landscape of consumer products, the role of chemicals remains pivotal. From the cosmetics that grace our dressing tables to the cleaning agents that sanitize our homes, chemicals are the unsung heroes that power our daily lives. In Nigeria, the demand for these chemicals is not only a testament to the growing consumer market but also an indicator of the nation’s industrial progress.
Conclusion
We’ve delved into a wide array of chemicals, each with its unique properties, applications, and safety guidelines. From Isopropyl Alcohol, commonly used in sanitizers and cleaning agents, to White Oil, a key ingredient in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, the range is vast and versatile. These chemicals are sourced ,both locally and internationally, adhering to various quality and safety standards that ensure consumer well-being.
However, as we embrace the benefits, we must be cognizant of the environmental and health implications. The growing focus on sustainability and eco-friendly alternatives in Nigeria reflects a collective responsibility towards a safer and greener future.
Understanding the chemistry behind the products we use not only demystifies the complex world of consumer goods but also empowers us to make informed choices. As the Nigerian market continues to expand, staying abreast of these chemical components will be increasingly important for manufacturers, regulators, and consumers alike.
So the next time you pick up a product off the shelf, you’ll appreciate the science that makes it effective, the regulations that make it safe, and the market trends that make it available to you in Nigeria.
